Battery Technology
How batteries work — electrochemistry, units, construction and failure modes.
At a glance: Battery technology is the mechanism layer between the data and the market —
why a battery has its voltage, why plates are designed the way they are, and how every failure mode
connects to a construction decision. The deep articles below run on the
double-sulfate reaction for lead-acid and on
intercalation for lithium.
What this section covers
The technology section explains the mechanisms — the electrochemical basis, the units that quantify it, the construction choices behind each battery type, and the failure modes those choices trade off. It is the layer that makes every specification on this site explainable: dimensions and ratings say what; technology says why.
Lead-acid
Units & fundamentals
- Ah vs Wh (charge vs energy)
- Internal resistance
- Internal resistance vs conductance
- Batteries in series vs parallel
- Lithium electrode manufacturing — mixing to formation
Cross-chemistry
Key concepts
- Electrochemistry — the double-sulfate reaction and why 2.1V per cell
- Internal resistance — the number behind CCA and heat
- Series vs parallel — how cells become batteries
- Ah vs Wh — the units that carry every comparison
Related sections
- Battery testing — how the technology is verified
- Battery standards — the documents that define the test conditions
- Technology knowledge base — the full engineering sub-site (materials, manufacturing, BMS)